Publications

• Kelly, M.W., J.L. Padilla-Gamino and G.E. Hofmann (2013) Natural variation and the capacity to adapt to ocean acidification in the keystone sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Global Change Biology  DOI:10.1111/gcb.12251
• Padilla-Gamino, J.L., M.W. Kelly, T.G. Evans and G.E. Hofmann (2013) Temperature and CO₂ additively regulate physiology, morphology and gemomics responses in larval sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Proc. R. Soc. B 280 20130155
• Yu, P.C., M.A. Sewell, P.G. Matson, E.B. Rivest, L. Kapsenberg and G.E. Hofmann (2013) Growth attenuation with developmental schedule progression in embryos and early larvae of Sterechinus neumayeri raised under elevated CO₂. PLoS ONE 8(1): e52448. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052448
• Evans, T.G., F. Chan, B.A. Menge and G.E. Hofmann (2013) Transcriptomic responses to ocean acidification in larval sea urchins from a naturally low pH environment. Molecular Ecology (in press) doi:10.1111/mec.12188
• Matson, P.G., P.C. Yu, M.A. Sewell and G.E. Hofmann (2012) Development under elevated pCO₂ conditions does not affect lipid utilization and protein content in early life history stages of the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Biological Bulletin 223:312-327 (PDF available on request)
• Kelly, M. W. and G. E. Hofmann (2012) Adaptation and the physiology of ocean acidification. Functional Ecology:in press. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.02061.x
•  Hammond, L.M. and G.E. Hofmann (2012) Early developmental gene regulation in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus embryos in response to elevated CO₂ seawater conditions. J. Exp. Biol. 215, 2445-2454

• Evans, T.G. and G.E. Hofmann (2012) Defining the limits of physiological plasticity: how gene expression can assess and predict the consequences of ocean change. Phil. Trans. of Royal Society B  367, 1733-1745 doi: 10.1098/rstb.2012.0019
• Hofmann GE, Smith JE, Johnson KS, Send U, Levin LA, et al. (2011) High-Frequency Dynamics of Ocean pH: A Multi-Ecosystem Comparison. PLoS ONE 6(12): e28983. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0028983
• Matson, P.G., T.R. Martz and G.E. Hofmann (2011) High frequency observations of pH under Antarctic sea ice in the southern Ross Sea. Antarctic Science 23:  607-613. DOI: 10.1017/S0954102011000551
• Yu, P.C., P.G. Matson, T.R. Martz and G.E. Hofmann (2011) The ocean acidification seascape and its relationship to the performance of calcifying marine invertebrates: laboratory experiments on the development of urchin larvae framed by environmentally-relevant pCO₂/pH. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 400: 288-295
• Sewell, M.A. and G.E. Hofmann (2011) Antarctic echinoids and climate change: a major impact on the brooding forms. Glob. Change Biol. 17: 734-744
• Fangue, N.A., M.J. O'Donnell, M.A. Sewell, P.G. Matson, A.C. MacPherson and G.E. Hofmann (2010) A laboratory-based experimental system for the study of ocean acidification effects on marine invertebrate larvae. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 8: 441-452
• Hammond, L.M. and G.E. Hofmann (2010) Thermal tolerance of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus early life history stages: Mortality, stress-induced gene expression and biogeographic patterns. Marine Biology 157: 2677-2687
• Hofmann, G.E., J.P. Barry, P.J. Edmunds, R.D. Gates, D.A. Hutchins, T. Klinger and M.A. Sewell (2010) Ocean acidification impacts on calcifying marine organisms in marine ecosystems. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 41:127-147
• Zippay, M.L. and G.E. Hofmann (2010) Effect of pH on gene expression and thermal tolerance of early life history stages of red abalone (Haliotis rufescens). Journal of Shellfish Research 29: 429-439
• Hofmann, G.E. and A.E. Todgham (2010) Living in the Now: Physiological Mechanisms to Tolerate a Rapidly Changing Environment. Annual Review of Physiology 72: 127-145
• Zippay, M.L. and G.E. Hofmann (2010) Physiological tolerances across latitudes: thermal sensitivity of larval marine snails (Nucella spp.). Marine Biology 157: 707-714 
• O'Donnell, M.J., A.E. Todgham, M.A. Sewell, L.M. Hammond, K. Ruggiero, Nann A. Fangue, M.L. Zippay and G.E. Hofmann (2010) Ocean acidification alters skeletogenesis and gene expression in larval sea urchins. Marine Ecology Progress Series 398: 157-171
• Dutton, J.M. and G.E. Hofmann (2009) Biogeographic variation in Mytilus galloprovincialis heat shock gene expression across the eastern Pacific range. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 376: 37-42. 
• Todgham, A.E. and G.E. Hofmann (2009) Transcriptomic response of sea urchin larvae Strongylocentrotus purpuratus to CO₂-driven seawater acidification. Journal of Experimental Biology. Available upon request.
• Henkel, S.K, H. Kawai and G.E. Hofmann (2009) Interspecific and Interhabitat Variation in hsp70 Gene Expression in Native and Invasive Kelp Populations. Marine Ecology Progress Series 386: 1-13.  (Feature article) 
• O'Donnell, M.J., L.M. Hammond and G.E. Hofmann (2009) Predicted impact of ocean acidification on a marine invertebrate: elevated CO2 alters response to thermal stress in sea urchin larvae. Marine Biology 156: 439-446. 
• Henkel, S.K. and G.E. Hofmann (2008) Thermal ecophysiology of gametophytes cultured from invasive Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar in coastal California harbors. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 367: 164-173. 
• Hofmann, G.E., M.J. O’Donnell and A.E. Todgham (2008) Using functional genomics to assess the impact of ocean acidification on calcifying marine organisms. Mar Ecol. Prog. Series. 373: 219–225. 
• Dutton, J.M. and Hofmann, G.E. (2008) Spatial and temporal variation in distribution and protein ubiquitination for Mytilus congeners in the California hybrid zone. Marine Biology. 154: 1067-1075.
• Hofmann, G.E. and S.D. Gaines (2008) New tools to meet new challenges: Emerging technologies for managing marine ecosystems for resilience. BioScience 58: 42-52.
• Place, S.P., O'Donnell, M.J., and Hofmann, G.E. (2008) Gene expression profiling in the intertidal mussel, Mytilus californianus: Assessing physiological response to environmental factors on a biogeographic scale. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Series. 356: 1-14. (Feature Article)
• Henkel, SK and Hofmann, GE (2008) Differing Patterns of hsp70 Gene Expression in Invasive and Native Kelp Species: Evidence for Acclimation-Induced Variation. Journal of Applied Phycology 20: 915-924.
• Henkel, S.K., Hofmann, G.E. and Whitmer, A.C. (2007) Morphological and Genetic Variation in Egregia menziesii over a Latitudinal Gradient. Botanica Marina 50: 159–170.(PDF available upon request)
• Todgham, A.E., Hoaglund, E.A. and G.E. Hofmann (2007) Is cold the new hot? Elevated ubiquitin-conjugated protein levels in tissues of Antarctic fish as evidence for cold-denaturation in vivo. Journal of Comparative Physiology B 177:857-866.
• Osovitz, C.J. and G.E. Hofmann (2007) Marine Macrophysiology: Studying physiological variation across large spatial scales in marine systems. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A Mol Integr Physiol. 147: 821-827.
• Hofmann, G.E. and S.P. Place (2007) Genomics-enabled approaches in marine ecology. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 332: 249-255.
• Lund , S.G and G.E. Hofmann (2006) Turning up the heat: the effects of thermal acclimation on the kinetics of HSF1 DNA-binding activity and Hsp70 gene expression in the eurythermal goby, Gillichthys mirabilis . Comparative Physiology A 143: 435-446.
• Osovitz, C.J. and G.E. Hofmann (2005) Thermal-history dependent expression of the hsp70 gene in the purple sea urchins: Biogeographic patterns and the effect of thermal acclimation. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 327: 134-143.
• Hofmann, G.E., J.L. Burnaford and K.T. Fielman (2005) Genomics-fueled approaches to current challenges in marine ecology. Trends Ecol. Evol . 20(6): 305-311
• Place, S.P. and G.E. Hofmann (2005) Comparison of Hsc70 orthologues from polar and temperate notothenioid fishes: Differences in the prevention of aggregation and refolding of denatured proteins. American Journal of Physiology 288: R1195-R1202.
• Place, S.P. and G.E. Hofmann (2005) Temperature differentially affects adenosime triphosphate activity in Hsc70 orthologs from Antarctic and New Zealand notothenioid fishes. Cell Stress & Chaperones 10: 104-113.
• Hofmann, G.E., S.G. Lund, S.P. Place, and A.C. Whitmer (2005) Some like it hot, some like it cold: The heat shock response is found in New Zealand, but not Antarctic notothenioid fishes. J. Exp. Mar. Bio. Ecol. 316: 79-89.
• Place, S.P. and G.E. Hofmann (2004) Constitutive expression of a heat shock protein, hsp70 , in phylogenetically divergent Antarctic fish. Polar Biol 28: 261-267.
• Sorte, C.J.B. and G.E. Hofmann (2005) Thermotolerance and heat-shock protein expression in Northeastern Pacific Nucella species with different biogeographical ranges. Marine Biol. 146: 985-993.
• Hofmann, G.E. (2005) Patterns of heat-shock protein expression in ectothermic marine organisms from small- to large-scale biogeograpic patterns. Integrative and Comparative Biology 45(2): 247-255.
• Buckley, B.A., S.P. Place and G.E. Hofmann (2004) Regulation of heat shock genes in isolated hepatocytes from an Antarctic fish, Trematomus bernacchii . J Exp Biol 207: 3649-3656.
• Place, S.P., M.L. Zippay, and G.E. Hofmann (2004) Constitutive roles for inducible genes: Evidence for the alteration in expression of the inducible hsp70 gene in Antarctic notothenioid fishes American Journal of Physiology 287: R429-R436.
• Halpin, P.M., B.A. Menge and G.E. Hofmann (2004) Experimental demonstration of plasticity in the heat shock response of the intertidal mussel, Mytilus californianus (Conrad). Mar. Ecol. Prog. Series 276: 137-145.
• Sorte, C.J.B. and G.E. Hofmann (2004) Changes in latitudes, changes in aptitudes: Nucella canaliculata are more stressed at their range edge. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Series . 274: 263-268.
• Zippay, M.L., S.P. Place and G.E. Hofmann (2004) The molecular chaperone Hsc70 from a eurythermal marine goby exhibits temperature insensitivity during luciferase refolding assays. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part A 138: 1-7.
• Buckley, B.A. and G.E. Hofmann (2004) Seasonal patterns and in vitro kinetics of HSF1 activation and Hsp70 mRNA production in the goby, Gillichthys mirabilis . Physiol. Biochem. Zool. 77: 570-581.
• Helmuth, B., C.D.G. Harley, P. Halpin, M. O'Donnell, G.E. Hofmann and C. Blanchette (2002) Climate change and latitudinal patterns of intertidal thermal stress Science 298: 1015-1017.
• Buckley, B.A. and G.E. Hofmann (2002) Thermal acclimation changes DNA-binding activity of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) in the goby, Gillichthys mirabilis : Implications for plasticity in the heat shock response in natural populations. J. Exp. Biol . 205: 3231-3240.
• Halpin, P.M., C. Sorte, G.E. Hofmann and B.A. Menge (2002) Patterns of variation in levels of Hsp70 in natural populations at local to geographic scales. Integrative and Comparative Biology 42: 815-824.
• Hofmann, G.E., B.A. Buckley, S.P. Place and M. L. Zippay (2002) Molecular chaperones in ectothermic intertidal animals: biochemical function and gene expression. Integrative and Comparative Biology 42: 808-814.
• Helmuth, B. S. T. and G. E. Hofmann (2001) Microhabitats, thermal heterogeneity, and patterns of physiological stress in the rocky intertidal. Biol. Bull. 201: 374-384.
• Buckley, B.A., M.E. Owen and G. E. Hofmann (2001) Adjusting the thermostat: the threshold induction temperature for the heat shock response in intertidal mussels (genus Mytilus ) changes as a function of thermal history. J. Exp. Biol . 204: 3571-3579.
• Place, S. P. and G. E. Hofmann (2001) Temperature interactions of the molecular chaperone, Hsc70, from the eurythermal marine goby, Gillichthys mirabilis . J. Exp. Biol. 204: 2675-2682.
• Hofmann, G. E., B. A. Buckley, S. Airaksinen, J. Keen and G. N. Somero (2000) The Antarctic fish Trematomus bernacchii lacks heat-inducible heat shock protein synthesis. J. Exp. Biol. 203: 2331-2339.
• Carpenter, C. M. and G. E. Hofmann (2000) Expression of 70 kDa heat shock proteins in antarctic and New Zealand notothenioid fish. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 125A: 229-238.

Invited Reviews

• Feder, M. E. and G. E. Hofmann (1999) Ecological and Evolutionary Physiology of the Heat Shock Response. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 61: 243-282.